WHAT IS PCOS/PCOD?

PCOS/PCOD stands for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome/Disease that is characterised by irregular or prolonged Menstrual periods in women of reproductive age.

PCOS is caused due to Hormonal Imbalance in female bodies and is a leading cause of Infertility in females.

PCOS is found in around 5-7% of women of reproductive age.

WHAT MAKES PCOS A POTENTIAL RISK FACTOR?

PCOS often goes undiagnosed because of the lack of awareness among young females and, is mostly ignored by working women.

PCOS brings in a variety of changes in the female body such as -

• Irregularity of menses (periods) is the most common manifestation of PCOS and is also the prime symptom of PCOS. It may also lead to discoloration of period blood.

• Hperinsulinemia (Excess of insulin hormone) and insulin resistance leads to a gain in body weight turning majority of women with PCOS into Obese women. Excess of these hormones in the body often leads to early onset of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) disorder.

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Hyperandrogenism (Excess male hormones) that leads to excessive body hair, facial hair, acne and other problems.

• Episodes of severe abdominal pain arise due to formation of cysts on the ovarian wall which is often considered to be cramps and is ignored by women.

• Dyslipidemia (Irregular fat depositions) is a common manifestation of insulin resistance in females with PCOS with higher levels of blood cholesterol.

• Insulin resistance may even lead to Hyperpigmentation and diffuse velvety thickening of skin especially around arm-pits, groins and neck (Acanthosis Nigricans).

• Cardiovascular Diseases often occur due to improper lipid metabolism in the body.

All these factors lead to infertility and also physical and mental ill-being of the patient.

WHEN TO CONTACT YOUR DOCTOR?

PCOS is generally diagnosed in married women when they are unable to conceive children, however through general awareness and monitoring, PCOS can be diagnosed at an earlier stage and is resolved by regular treatment.

Some eminent signs are:

• When you miss your periods continuously for two cycles.

• There is scanty amount of blood in your period or if it shows discoloration.

• Excessive hair loss/male pattern baldness.

• Excessive acne.

TREATMENT OF PCOS:

The treatment of PCOS is based on management of exclusive signs and symptoms in the patient such as- Infertility, Obesity, Acne and/or Hirsutism (excessive body hair) etc.

Specific treatment revolves around management of lifestyle and if required Medication.


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